Key facts

Facts and figures
Investment and performance
Technical information

Facts and figures

Number of miles/km travelled by each Tube train each year: 76,800 miles/123,600km
Number of passengers carried on the Tube each year: 1,073 million
Number of individual passengers carried on the Tube each year: 28 million
Average train speed: 33km per hour/20.5mph
Length of network: 402km/249 miles
Proportion of the network in tunnels: 45 per cent
Longest continuous tunnel: East Finchley to Morden (via Bank) - 27.8km/17.25 miles
Total number of escalators: 412
Station with most escalators: Waterloo - 23 plus two passenger conveyors
Longest escalator: Angel - 60m/197ft, with a vertical rise of 27.5m/90ft
Shortest escalator: Stratford, with a vertical rise of 4.1m
Total number of lifts: 122
Deepest lift shaft: Hampstead - 55.2m/181ft
Shortest lift shaft: Westminster - 2.5m/8ft
Cars in London Underground's (LU's) fleet: 4070
Total number of stations served: 270
Total number of stations owned and managed: 260
Total number of LU staff: 13,400
Stations with the most platforms: Baker Street - 10. Moorgate has 11 platforms but only nine belong to LU
Busiest stations: During the three-hour morning peak, London's busiest Tube station is Waterloo, with 51,100 people entering. The busiest station in terms of passengers each year is Victoria with 76 million
London Underground has been known as the Tube since 1890, when the first deep-level electric railway line was opened
The Underground name first appeared on stations in 1908
LU's world-famous logo, 'the roundel' (a red circle crossed by a horizontal blue bar), first appeared in 1908

Investment and performance

LU transferred from the control of the Government to Transport for London (TfL) on 15 July 2003
TfL is investing billions of pounds into transforming the Tube
Under the Public Private Partnership (PPP) structure, LU is responsible for operating trains and staffing Tube stations. Private sector companies, Metronet and Tube Lines, are responsible for the maintenance and renewal of the Tube's infrastructure - the trains, tracks, tunnels, signals and stations

During 2007/08 LU:

Carried a record 1,073 million passengers - an increase of 5.7 per cent from the previous year and the highest figure ever, beating the previous record of 1,014 million set in 2006/07
Ran more trains than ever before, clocking up a huge total of nearly 70m km - the equivalent of 1,750 laps around the world or 90 trips to the moon and back
Operated 94.8 per cent of all scheduled train services - the highest for three years
Recorded an overall customer satisfaction score of 77 out of 100

Technical information

Average train speed

33km per hour (20.5mph) including station stops
In central London, trains cannot reach speeds of more than 30-40mph because of the short distance between stations
On the Victoria line, stations are wider apart and trains can reach speeds of up to 50mph
On the Metropolitan line, trains can reach over 60mph

Maximum number of trains required for scheduled peak period service

	AM	PM
Bakerloo line	32	32
Central line	77	76
Circle / Hammersmith & City line	30	30
District line	77	77
Jubilee line	49	50
Metropolitan line	47	47
Northern line	91	91
Piccadilly line	78	78
Victoria line	37	37
Waterloo & City line	5	5
Total	526	523

Elevation

Highest point above mean sea level	Metropolitan line (beyond Amersham Station) - 150 metres (500ft)
Highest station above mean sea level	Amersham - 147 metres (490ft)
Greatest elevation from ground level	Northern line (Dollis Brook viaduct over Dollis road, Mill Hill) - 18 metres (60ft)

Depths

Maximum depth below mean sea level		Jubilee line - 32 metres (105ft)
Deep level Tube lines	Maximum depths below ground level	Northern line - Holly Bush Hill, Hampstead - 67.4 metres (221ft)
Sub-surface cut and cover lines	Maximum depths below ground level	East London line - (Wapping) - 18.29 metres (60ft)
Inner London	Deepest stations below street level	Northern line - Bank (DLR concourse) - 41.4 metres (136ft)
Outer London	Deepest stations below street level	Northern line - Hampstead - 58.5 metres (192ft)

Depots

Bakerloo line	Stonebridge Park
Central line	West Ruislip/Hainault/White City
Circle / Hammersmith & City line	Hammersmith
District line	Ealing Common/Upminster
Jubilee line	Neasden/Stratford Market
Metropolitan line	Neasden
Northern line	Golders Green/Morden
Piccadilly line	Northfields/Cockfosters
Victoria line	Northumberland Park
Waterloo & City line	Waterloo

Most distant places served

Approximate distances from central London

Epping 29km (18 miles) - North

Morden 16km (10 miles) - South

Upminster 29km (18 miles) - East

Amersham 43km (27 miles) - West

Distances

Longest distance between stations	Metropolitan line - Chesham to Chalfont & Latimer - 6.26km (3.89 miles)
Shortest distance between stations	Piccadilly line - Leicester Square to Covent Garden - 0.26km (0.161 miles)
Longest continuous tunnel	Northern line - East Finchley to Morden (via Bank) - 27.8km (17.25 miles)
Longest journey without change	Central line - West Ruislip to Epping - 54.9km (34.1 miles)

Length of route : Owned/managed

Single lines	12km (7 miles)
Double lines	355km (220 miles)
Triple lines	5km (3 miles)
Quadruple lines and over	30km (19 miles)
Total lines	402km (249 miles)

Length of route: In tunnel

Sub-surface cut and cover	32km (20 miles)
Deep level Tube	149km (93 miles)
Totals	181km (113 miles)
Proportion of route in tunnel	45 per cent

Underground lines

Bakerloo line	Elephant & Castle to Harrow & Wealdstone - 23km (14.5 miles) - serves 25 stations
Central line	Ealing Broadway or West Ruislip to Woodford (via Hainault) or Epping - 74km (46 miles) - serves 49 stations
Circle line	Connects to most of London's National Rail termini - 22.5km (14.5 miles) - serves 27 stations
Hammersmith & City line	Hammersmith to Whitechapel - 26.5km (16.5 miles) - serves 19 stations (28 in peak when trains run beyond Whitechapel to and from Barking)
District line	Upminster and Ealing Broadway to Richmond or Wimbledon, with other branches to Edgware Road and Olympia - 64km (40 miles) - serves 60 stations
Jubilee line	Stanmore to Stratford - 36km (22.5 miles) - serves 27 stations
Metropolitan line	Aldgate to Amersham, with branches to Chesham, Watford and Uxbridge - 67km (41.5 miles) - serves 34 stations
Northern line	Morden to Edgware, Mill Hill East or High Barnet, with two central London branches - 58km (36 miles) - serves 50 stations
Piccadilly line	Cockfosters to Heathrow or Uxbridge - 71km (44.3 miles) - serves 52 stations
Victoria line	Walthamstow Central to Brixton - 21km (13.25 miles) - serves 16 stations
Waterloo & City line	Waterloo to Bank - 2.4km (1.49 miles) - no intermediate stations

Generating stations' installed capacity

Greenwich Gar Turbine Plant - 105MW (Megawatts)	Fuel consumption for year	197,077 litres gasoil

Greenwich Gar Turbine Plant - 105MW (Megawatts)

Fuel consumption for year

197,077 litres gasoil

Resource use

Total electricity supplied	1,163 (Gigawatt hours) Percentage of energy used which is renewable: 17 per cent Carbon efficiency: 78.9g CO2/passenger km travelled
Energy efficiency	143 Watts/passenger km travelled
Water used each year	624m litres

Recycling and waste management

Station, depot and office waste generated	15,030 tonnes
Station, depot and office waste recycled	40 per cent
Number of stations with recycling facilities	90 per cent
Construction and demolition waste generated	71,666 tonnnes
Construction and demolition waste recycled	71 per cent

Wildlife and habitats

LU owns about 10 per cent of all green spaces in London.
Wildlife observed on the Tube network

Woodpeckers, deer,
sparrowhawk, bats,
grass snakes, great
crested newts, slow worm

Pumps

Total number of pumps	1,030
Total number of installations	630
Daily discharge	Over 30m litres water per day - enough to fill a standard municipal swimming pool (25 metres x 10 metres) every 20 minutes